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不同乾燥方式對金針花乾燥特性及品質之影響

Effects of Different Methods on Day-Lily Drying Proper Ties and Quality Evaluation

摘要


本實驗針對市售、傳統熱風60℃、傳統熱風50℃、低濕60℃與低濕50℃等不同方式進行金針花之乾燥實驗,以探討四種乾燥條件下之金針花乾燥特性曲線、復水脆度測試、固形物含量、以及顏色等,找出最理想之乾燥方式,以提供金針花農參考。 實驗結果顯示:傳統熱風50℃與低濕50℃乾燥金針花,達平衡之時間及其含水率分別為16h與15.5h,以及5.75%與6.94%。傳統熱風60℃與低濕60℃乾燥金針花,達平衡之時間及其含水率分別認11.5h與10h,以及5.21%與5.04%。市售乾燥金針花的含水率為15%,乾燥12至24h不等。乾燥金針花復水後脆度測試:傳統熱風50℃與低濕50℃最大生物降伏點分別為2.21 MPa、1.58MPa;傳統熱風60℃與低濕60℃最大生物降伏點分別為l.61MP、1.54MP;市售乾燥金針花的最大生物降伏點1.89 MPa。顏色測定部分,低濕乾燥處理之金針花,其色差較傳統熱風處理者為小,故其品質穩定,並且色差值與市售乾燥之金針花差異較小,固形物含量的比較,依固形物流失量依序由少到多為低濕乾燥50℃、低濕乾燥60℃、熱風乾燥60℃、熱風乾燥50℃、市售乾燥金針花。總結上述各項實驗結果發現,低濕乾燥處理的金針花其有效縮短乾燥時間、並且不失去應有的詭度及顏色又勝於傳統熱風乾燥,且固形物的流失量低於市售的乾燥金針花,故低濕乾燥為最適合之乾燥方法。

關鍵字

傳統乾燥 低濕乾燥 金針花

並列摘要


The traditional 50℃ and 60℃, low humidity drying 50℃ and 60℃ drying methods were used to dry day-lily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) products in order to study the drying characteristic curves. Also, the rehydrated crispness, solid content and color of the products were tested to investigate the optimal drying method for day-lily farmers. Experimental results showed that the drying time for the traditional 50℃ method, low humidity drying 5℃ method, traditional 60℃ method, and low humidity drying 60℃ method were 16h, 15.5h, 11.5h, and 10h, respectively. The equilibrium moisture content for traditional the 50℃ method, low humidity drying 50℃ method, traditional 60℃ method, and low humidity drying 60℃ method were 5.75%, 6.94%, 5.21%, and 5.04%, respectively. However, the drying time and equilibrium moisture content of the market sold day-lily products were 12h to 24h and 15%, respectively. The maximum biological yield point for the traditional 50℃ and low humidity drying 50℃ methods was 12.21 MPa and l.58MPa respectively; whereas, the maximum biological yield point for the traditional 60℃ and low humidity drying 60℃ methods was 1.61 MPa and I ,54MPa, respectively. However, the maximum biological yield point of the market sold day-lily products was l.89MPa. The color change of the low humidity method was less than that of the traditional one, which meant the quality of the low humidity method was more stable. Moreover, the value of the color change between the low humidity method and the product sold at market had no significant difference. The loss of the solid content through the low humidity method reached the minimum, whereas, the market sold product reached the maximum. Overall, the drying time of the day lily dried by the low humidity method was shortened without losing the crispness and the color was better than the traditional method. Also, the loss of the solid content was lower than the market sold product. Therefore, the low humidity drying method was the optimal drying method recommended for the farmers.

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