請教目前國內有經過相關農業機關輔導或授權生產的食用玫瑰品種(生鮮花苞或其加工品)中 有哪些是能同時符合衛福部食藥署的可用食品原料及FDA GRAS，比較有可能輸出至美國的?
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請教目前國內有經過相關農業機關輔導或授權生產的食用玫瑰品種(以生鮮花苞或其加工品輸出)中
有哪些是能同時符合衛福部食藥署的可用食品原料及FDA GRAS，比較有可能輸出至美國的?
1.衛福部食藥署的可用食品原料
https://consumer.fda.gov.tw/Food/Material.aspx?nodeID=160
(1)金櫻；野石榴；大金英 Cherokee rose
Rosa laevigata Michx. 果實
(2)玫瑰果 Rosehip
Rosa alba L., Rosa canina L., Rosa centifolia L., Rosa damascena Miller, Rosa gallics L.,果實
(3) 刺梨 Cili, Chestnut rose
Rosa roxburghii Tratt 果實
(4)玫瑰花瓣 Rose flowers
Rosa alba L., Rosa centifolia L., Rosa canina L., Rosa damascena Miller 花
2.Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)
http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/gras/default.htm
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=786bafc6f6343634fbf79fcdca7061e1&rgn=div5&view=text&node=21:3.0.1.1.13&idno=21
§182.20 Essential oils, oleoresins (solvent-free), and natural extractives (including distillates).
Essential oils, oleoresins (solvent-free), and natural extractives (including distillates) that are generally recognized as safe for their intended use, within the meaning of section 409 of the Act, are as follows:
Rose absolute Rosa alba L., Rosa centifolia L., Rosa damascena Mill., Rosa gallica L., and vars. of these spp.
Rose (otto of roses, attar of roses) Do.
Rose buds Do.
Rose flowers Do.
Rose fruit (hips) Do.
Rose leaves Rosa spp.
因為FDA似乎只有於上述的精油與提取物相關的章節並使用於食品添加物中的狀況，才有將玫瑰相關列入GRAS。並沒有直接將花瓣等植物體直接使用於食品中的相關列表。
問題補充
http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm115326.htm
Everything Added to Food in the United States
ROSE HIPS, EXTRACT (ROSA SPP.)
ROSE, OIL (ROSA SPP.)
ASP
Fully up-to-date toxicology information has been sought.
ROSE WATER, STRONGER (ROSA CENTIFOLIA L.)
NIL
Although listed as a added to food, there is no current reported use of the substance, and, therefore, although toxicology information may be available in PAFA, it is not being updated.
ROSE, ABSOLUTE (ROSA SPP.)
EAF
There is reported use of the substance, but it has not yet been assigned for toxicology literature search.
ROSE LEAVES (ROSA SPP.)
ROSE FLOWERS (ROSA SPP.)
ROSE, BUD (ROSA SPP.)
NUL
There is no reported use of the substance and there is no toxicology information available in PAFA.[/QUOTE]
歐盟的規範似乎也不太一樣
http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/biotechnology/novelfood/nfnetweb/mod_search/index.cfm?action=mod_search.list&ascii=82
Novel Food catalogue
Rosa canina
The information available (EuroFIR-NETTOX Plant List) concerns the use of the fruits (botanically hips) of Rosa canina. In addition the use of flowers, young shoots and leaf buds of dog rose or wild rose are authorized in food supplements (Belgian list of plants that are considered to be not novel for the use in food supplements)
This product was on the market as a food or food ingredient and consumed to a significant degree before 15 May 1997. Thus its access to the market is not subject to the Novel Food Regulation (EC) No. 258/97. However, other specific leGISlation may restrict the placing on the market of this product as a food or food ingredient in some Member States. Therefore, it is recommended to check with the national competent authorities.
Rosa moschata
Rose hip oil
According to information available to Member States competent authorities this product was used only as or in food supplements before 15 May 1997. Any other food uses of this product have to be authorised pursuant to the Novel Food Regulation.
專家回覆
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目前的食用玫瑰品種有保加利亞、大馬士革1號、法國道哥拉斯、山東平陰玫瑰、苦水玫瑰等。至於衛生署對食用花卉之安全管理，主要針對農藥殘留標準調查國際間的管理規範後，訂定常用的菊花，玫瑰花，荷花，三種食用花卉類殘留各種農藥的安全容許量，生鮮花卉比照蔬果類的限制，乾燥花則是依循歐盟對花草香料的標準，訂出農藥殘留的安全量。另可否輸出至美國應請業者瞭解美國當地相關輸入規定。
農糧署
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